or 
, is NaN. This aligns with the IEEE 754 standard for
floating-point arithmetic, where any operation involving NaN propagates the NaN value. Specifically:
A pair is considered a Not-a-Number (NaN) if either of its components, or , is NaN. This aligns with the IEEE 754 standard for
floating-point arithmetic, where any operation involving NaN propagates the NaN value. Specifically:
In such cases, the pair cannot represent a valid numerical value, and any arithmetic operation involving a NaN pair will result in another NaN pair.